2013년 11월 28일 목요일

About 'technical college degrees'|...you without using difficult or technical words. In a few weeks...to be an expert ;-) I have a college degree in IT, and was trained...







About 'technical college degrees'|...you without using difficult or technical words. In a few weeks...to be an expert ;-) I have a college degree in IT, and was trained...








In               today's               economic               environment,               students               are               increasingly               focusing               on               matching               the               degree               they               earn               with               the               job               market               after               they               graduate.

To               be               competitive               in               today's               job               market,               students               need               to               graduate               with               marketable               skills.

They               also               need               to               become               broadly               educated               individuals.

Many               people               still               value               a               liberal               arts               education               because               it               provides               a               broad               understanding               of               a               wide               range               of               subject               areas               and               it               encourages               the               acquisition               of               knowledge               rather               than               information,               thereby               creating               a               more               "well-rounded"               individual.

In               the               past,               employers               sought               these               graduates               with               generalized               skills.
               In               a               New               York               Times               article               titled               "Making               College               Relevant"               (2009),               Kate               Zernike               points               out               that               a               liberal               arts               college               in               Maine               is               offering               free               classes               or               paid               student               loans               for               a               year               to               any               student               who               cannot               find               work               in               their               field               within               six               months               of               graduation.

She               also               points               to               other               examples               such               as               the               University               of               Louisiana               at               Lafayette,               which               is               eliminating               its               philosophy               major,               and               Michigan               State               University,               which               is               doing               away               with               its               American               studies               and               classics               offerings.

Zernike               goes               on               to               point               out               that               parents               and               students               are               "increasingly               focused               on               what               comes               after               college.

What's               the               return               on               investment..."
               Colleges               and               universities               have               always               adjusted               their               course               offerings               to               reflect               the               needs,               desires,               and               social               causes               as               well               as               the               economic               realities               of               the               times.

During               the               1960s               and               1970s,               colleges               offered               courses               that               addressed               environmental,               civil               rights,               women's,               and               anti-war               issues.

The               issues               may               be               different,               but               the               reaction               is               the               same               -               adapt               and               modify               or               face               obsolescence.
               The               key               to               managing               the               college               experience               is               to               balance               economic               practicalities               with               the               need               to               acquire               life-long               skills.

Every               year               college               students               "choose               a               major."               Selecting               a               field               of               study               is               often               based               on               academic               interest               and               professional               practicality.

Four               years               of               study               in               college               will               go               better,               and               be               easier,               for               those               who               pick               something               that               stimulates               the               mind.

It               is               also               a               good               idea               to               know               that               some               degree               programs               have               an               excess               of               graduates               compared               to               available               jobs               and               job               openings.

The               following               will               assist               in               that               decision-making               process.
               Degrees               and               Growth               Rates
               More               than               1.5               million               bachelor               degrees               were               awarded               for               the               year               ending               June               2007,               an               increase               of               nearly               39,000               from               the               year               before.

As               a               comparison,               in               1965,               494,000               graduated               with               bachelor               degrees.

Since               then               bachelor               degree               graduates               show               a               nearly               unbroken               increase               with               few               exceptions.
               Between               1990               and               2007,               22.5               million               people               received               BA               degrees               from               United               States               colleges               and               universities.

During               the               same               period               the               labor               force               increased               by               28.4               million               people.
               The               annual               growth               rate               for               people               receiving               BA               degrees               during               that               17-year               period               was               nearly               double               the               growth               rate               in               the               labor               force,               or               2.21               percent               compared               to               1.14               percent.

BA               degrees               growing               faster               than               labor               force               guarantees               that               college               educated               degree               holders               have               a               growing               share               of               the               labor               force.
               So,               what               does               this               mean               for               the               student               trying               to               decide               on               a               specific               major               in               college?
               BA               Degrees               in               Selected               Programs
               The               increase               of               new               graduates               entering               the               labor               force               with               college               degree               skills               is               significant               by               itself.

Consistent               and               successful               work               in               college               correlates               with               work               and               performance               on               the               job,               assuring               that               BA               degrees               in               any               program               improve               employment               opportunities.

Finishing               a               BA               degree               has               advantages               in               the               job               market               regardless               of               the               degree               program.

However,               the               distribution               of               degrees               by               program               changes               the               job               market,               especially               at               the               entry-level.
               For               those               with               specific               job               preferences               and               career               goals,               it               is               good               to               know               that               some               degree               programs               have               many               graduates,               but               few               new               jobs,               and               vice               versa.

Given               that               the               National               Center               for               Education               Statistics               at               the               Department               of               Education               publish               degree               data               by               program               and               the               Bureau               of               Labor               Statistics               at               the               Department               of               Labor               publishes               job               data               by               occupation,               it               is               possible               to               match               degrees               with               jobs               to               make               informed               decisions               and               avoid               surprises.
               Matching               Jobs               and               Degrees
               Take               the               BA               degree               in               psychology,               a               major               with               a               degree-job               mismatch.

There               were               90,000               BA               degrees               in               psychology               in               the               year               ending               June               2007,               or               nearly               6               percent               of               BA               degrees               for               the               year,               but               no               jobs               using,               or               needing,               psychology               skills               that               do               not               require               a               master's               or               doctoral               degree.

Therefore,               unless               a               student               is               willing               to               complete               a               graduate               degree,               there               are               few               job               opportunities               in               the               field.
               Computer               and               Information               Science               also               has               a               mismatch,               but               in               the               opposite               direction.

Computer               and               Information               Sciences               and               Support               Services               had               42,000               BA               degrees               in               ten               degree               programs.

Since               2004,               jobs               needing               BA               degree               skills               in               computer               science               are               up               over               324,000               with               expected               openings               close               to               100,000               a               year.

Computer               systems               analysts,               software               engineers,               network               computer               systems               administrators,               and               analysts               are               in               high               demand               and               doing               well.
               Engineering               had               67,092               BA               degrees               in               34               degree               programs.

Engineering               jobs               continue               to               grow               with               almost               149,000               new               jobs               since               2004               with               48,000               anticipated               job               openings.

Engineering               continues               to               be               an               employable               major.
               Communications               and               Journalism               programs               had               78,420               BA               degrees               in               eight               degree               programs.

The               large               number               and               continued               growth               of               these               degrees               comes               at               a               time               when               newspapers               and               television               are               cutting               back               on               jobs.

Job               prospects               here               are               not               hopeless               because               selected               media               and               communications               jobs               are               increasing.

Public               relations               specialists,               editor,               and               technical               writer               have               nearly               400,000               jobs               and               some               growth,               but               journalism               degrees               are               in               surplus.
               The               teaching               profession               continues               to               grow               at               the               elementary,               secondary,               and               post-secondary               levels               with               over               a               million               jobs               a               year               in               secondary               teaching               alone               and               an               estimated               20,000               new               jobs               a               year               in               recent               years.

It               is               a               good               idea               for               anyone               doing               degree               programs               in               social               science               to               consider               finishing               the               requirements               for               a               teaching               certificate.

Those               with               BA               degrees               in               mathematics               (14,954               degrees),               English,               foreign               language               and               literature               (75,392               degrees),               and               Liberal               Arts,               General               Studies               and               humanities,               (44,255               degrees)               may               find               teaching               is               a               viable               and               rewarding               outlet               for               employment.
               Health               Professions               and               Related               Clinical               Sciences               programs               produced               101,810               BA               degrees               in               34               degree               programs.

Health               care               jobs               have               continued               to               grow               every               month               right               through               the               2008               and               2009               recession               with               registered               nurse               leading               the               way               and               therapy,               technologist               and               technician               jobs               right               behind.

There               are               many               more               jobs               than               BA               degrees,               making               health               care               one               of               America's               most               employable               degrees.
               John               Bedecarre               and               Scott               Olster               state               in               CNN               Money.com               (2010)               that               "the               number               of               registered               nurses               is               expected               to               swell               to               3.2               million               by               2018,               accounting               for               approximately               581,500               new               jobs,               according               to               the               Bureau               of               Labor               Statistics."               With               the               aging               of               the               population               65               and               older               (19%               in               2030),               the               need               for               skilled               nursing               care               and               home               health               care               in               particular               will               rise               significantly.

Bedecarre               and               Olster               also               project               fields               such               as               network               systems               and               data               analysis,               software               engineering,               biomedical               engineering,               accountants,               auditors,               and               veterinarians               will               be               growth               fields               of               the               future.
               A               Word               of               Caution
               Some               in               the               world               of               financial               planning               express               the               view               that               the               value               of               a               college               degree               has               diminished               in               recent               years.

In               a               Washington               Post               article               titled               "Is               College               Overrated?"               (2010),               Sarah               Kaufman               raises               the               question               of               whether               the               cost               of               a               college               degree               is               a               wise               investment.

In               her               article,               Kaufman               states,               "The               hefty               price               of               a               college               degree               has               some               experts               worried               that               its               benefits               are               fading."               She               goes               on               to               quote               Richard               Vedder,               an               economics               professor               at               Ohio               University               as               stating               "I               think               it               makes               less               sense               for               more               families               than               it               did               five               years               ago.

It's               become               more               problematic               about               whether               people               should               be               going               to               college."
               Noted               financial               planner,               Ric               Edelman               (2010)               has               observed               that               in               1970,               tuition               and               fees               for               full-time               undergraduate               students               averaged               $480               at               public               universities               and               $1,980               at               private               universities.

Today,               those               numbers               are               $7,020               and               $26,273,               respectively.

Clearly,               the               investment               is               significantly               more               than               it               was               40               years               ago.
               In               defense               of               a               four-year               degree,               Kaufman               (2010)               points               out               that,               on               average,               those               who               earn               a               college               degree               will               earn               53%               more               income               over               the               course               of               their               career               than               those               who               hold               only               a               high               school               diploma.

The               median               annual               income               of               young               adults               with               bachelor               degrees               is               $46,000.

For               those               with               high               school               diplomas,               the               median               income               is               $30,000.

For               many               with               degrees               in               engineering,               computer               science,               accounting,               and               the               health-care               field,               this               holds               true.

For               others               in               fields               such               as               psychology,               journalism,               and               the               behavioral               sciences,               this               wage               gap               shrinks.

In               Kaufman's               words,               "If               you               major               in               accounting               or               engineering,               you're               pretty               likely               to               get               a               return               on               your               investment.

If               you're               majoring               in               anthropology               or               social               work               or               education,               the               rate               on               return               is               going               to               be               a               good               deal               lower,               on               average."
               On               top               of               all               of               this               information,               the               stories               of               people               like               Bill               Gates,               Steve               Jobs,               Dan               Snyder,               Michael               Dell,               and               David               Geffen               -               billionaires               who               never               graduated               from               college               -               are               thrown               around               daily               as               examples               of               how               young               people               can               be               successful               without               a               college               degree.

While               enticing               stories,               they               are               generally               as               unrealistic               as               the               stories               of               sports               figures               with               less               than               high               school               degrees               who               also               become               extremely               wealthy.

Statistically,               this               will               not               be               the               fate               of               most               young               people.
               A               Final               Word
               News               articles               like               the               one               noted               above               question               the               worth               of               a               college               investment.

Job               and               wage               data               makes               it               certain               college               still               pays,               especially               for               those               attending               state               supported               community               and               four-year               colleges.

Matching               a               program               of               study               to               today's               job               market               makes               professional               and               financial               sense.
               Finding               a               balance               between               becoming               an               "educated               person"               and               becoming               "employable"               in               today's               consumer-driven               economy               is               no               easy               task.

These               goals               are               not               mutually               exclusive.

Personal,               career,               and               financial               rewards               are               significant               and               worth               considering               as               one               goes               through               the               process               of               selecting               a               major               in               college.

The               key               is               to               find               that               delicate               balance               between               practicality               and               the               desire               to               become               a               well               rounded,               educated               person.
               Sources:
               Bedecarre,               John,               and               Scott               Olster.

(2010,               September               7).

Fastest               growing               jobs               in               America."               Fortune               on               CNN               Money.com.

Retrieved               from               http://www.finance.yahoo.com/career-work/article/110586/fastest-growing-jobs
               Bureau               of               Labor               Statistics               Occupational               Employment               Survey.

(2007).

Washington,               DC:               U.S               Government               Printing               Office.
               Dept.

of               Education,               National               Center               for               Education               Statistics.

(2007).

Washington,               DC.

U.S.

Government               Printing               Office.
               Edelman,               Ric.

(2010,               October).

Are               you               making               this               common               college               planning               mistake?

Inside               Personal               Finance,               2
               Kaufman,               Sarah.

(2010,               September               10).

Is               college               overrated?

The               Washington               Post,               p.

C1.
               Zernike,               Kate.

(2009,               December               29).

Making               college               relevant.

The               New               York               Times.






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